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Japan’s Modernization and the Persecution of Buddhism
https://hue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/595
https://hue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/595d982746d-f5f2-41a0-9207-ec878bdcb390
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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kenkyu2012350104.pdf (568.6 kB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2023-02-27 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Japan’s Modernization and the Persecution of Buddhism | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
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| 言語 | eng | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
Hotta, Chisato
× Hotta, Chisato
× Hotta, Chisato
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| 内容記述 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper explores the purposes and consequences of the persecution of Buddhism in the early Meiji period (1868-1912). The Meiji government attempted to establish the legitimacy of the new state through the Shinto-based divine status of the emperor while pursuing anti-Buddhism policies and promoting Shinto as the state religion. By reinventing Shinto as an independent religion and ending the Shinto-Buddhism syncretism, the policy of shinbutsu bunri (separation of Shinto and Buddhism) aimed at the elimination of Buddhism's influence on society in order to construct a new political and social order; simultaneously, the state tried to form national unity based on loyalty toward the emperor. As soon as the Separation Edict was ordered in April 1868, the persecution of Buddhism took place throughout Japan, resulting in the destruction of many temples, statues, and images (haibutsu kishaku). In this process, followers of Hirata Atsutane, the school of National Learning (Kokugaku or Nativism), played an important role in executing anti-Buddhist policies and violent actions. Although some Buddhists like the Shin sect fought back, the damages inflicted on Buddhism were immense and resulted in an indelible change of Japanese cultural history. Buddhism was persecuted partly because of its association with the stagnant, hierarchical order of the Tokugawa bakufu (1603-1868). Since Buddhism enjoyed a privileged position under the patronage of the old regime, many Buddhist temples became rich and powerful and performed the function of social control. However, many temples collapsed which evoked anger among ordinary people and low-ranking samurai who were faced with harsh economic realities. Furthermore, Buddhism was regarded as a foreign religion and its characteristics, including passivity and resignation were incompatible with bunmei kaika (Civilization and Enlightenment), which meant adopting the utilitarian, rational, and scientific aspects of Western civilization. Moreover, the state tried to modernize Japan to catch up with the West under a slogan of fukoku kyohei (a wealthy nation and a strong army) while proclaiming “returning to ancient time” (osei fukko) to unite a new nation under the emperor. Buddhism became the major obstacle to achieving such goals. Consequently, Buddhism's status and governmental role were replaced by Shinto. By persecuting Buddhism, the Meiji government aimed to control the institutional power of religion, as well as people's daily lives and consciousness, through the emperor ideology. Although Buddhists struggled to find a way to regain their position in society, they had little choice but to conform with the new national policy. | |||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
広島経済大学研究論集 en : HUE Journal of Humanities, Social and Natural Science 巻 35, 号 1, p. 61-73, 発行日 2012-06 |
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| 出版者 | 広島経済大学経済学会 | |||||||||||
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| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0387-1444 | |||||||||||
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| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00408380 | |||||||||||
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| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||||||||
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| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
